/*jslint browser: true, on: true, eqeqeq: true, newcap: true, immed: true */

/*
	TODOs:
	
	Fo sho:
		- page controls
		- chrome frame / ExplorerCanvas / non canvas version?
		- show loading graphic & then fade in new page if user is ahead of the last loaded page
		- check for html5 feature support where used: diveintohtml5.org/everything.html or www.modernizr.com
		- really need to speed up enhancements, try to use webworkers
		- namespace all css / ids
	
	Nice 2 have:
		- offline access
		- thumbnail browser
		- remove jquery dependency in favour of straight js
*/

/**
 * Merge two arrays. Any properties in b will replace the same properties in
 * a. New properties from b will be added to a.
 *
 * @param a {Object}
 * @param b {Object}
 */
function merge(a, b) {

	var prop;

	if (typeof b === "undefined") { b = {}; }

	for (prop in a) {
		if (a.hasOwnProperty(prop)) {
			if (prop in b) { continue; }
			b[prop] = a[prop];
		}
	}

	return b;
}

function ComicBook(id, srcs, opts) {

	var canvas_id = id;		// canvas element id
	this.srcs = srcs;	// array of image srcs for pages

	var defaults = {
		displayMode: "double",	// single / double
		zoomMode: "fitWidth",	// manual / fitWidth
		manga: false,			// true / false
		enhance: {},
		keyboard: {
			next: 78,
			previous: 80,
			control: {
				image: 69
			}
		}
	};
	
	var options = merge(defaults, opts); // options array for internal use
	
	var no_pages = srcs.length;
	var pages = [];		// array of preloaded Image objects
	var canvas;			// the HTML5 canvas object
	var context;		// the 2d drawing context
	var buffer = 1;		// image preload buffer level
	var loaded = [];	// the images that have been loaded so far
	var scale = 1;		// page zoom scale, 1 = 100%
	var is_double_page_spread = false;
	var controlsRendered = false; // have the user controls been inserted into the dom yet?
	
	// the current page, can pass a default as a url hash
	var pointer = (parseInt(location.hash.substring(1),10) - 1) || 0;

	/**
	 * enables the back button
	 **/
	function checkHash() {
		
		var hash = getHash();
		
		if (hash !== pointer && loaded.indexOf(hash) > -1) {
			pointer = hash;
			ComicBook.prototype.draw();
		}
	}

	function getHash() {
		return parseInt(location.hash.substring(1),10) - 1 || 0;
	}

	function setHash(pageNo) {
		location.hash = pageNo;
	}
	
	/**
	 * Figure out the cursor position relative to the canvas.
	 *
	 * Thanks to: Mark Pilgrim & http://diveintohtml5.org/canvas.html
	 */
	function getCursorPosition(e) {

		var x; // horizontal cursor position

		// check if page relative positions exist, if not figure them out
		if (e.pageX) {
			x = e.pageX;
		} else {
			x = e.clientX + document.body.scrollLeft + document.documentElement.scrollLeft;
		}

		// make the position relative to the canvas
		x -= canvas.offsetLeft;

		// check if the user clicked on the left or right side
		return (x <= canvas.width / 2) ? 'left' : 'right';
	}

	/**
	 * Setup the canvas element for use throughout the class.
	 * 
	 * @see #ComicBook.prototype.draw
	 * @see #ComicBook.prototype.enhance
	 */
	function init() {
		// setup canvas
		canvas = document.getElementById(canvas_id);
		context = canvas.getContext("2d");

		// add page controls
		// TODO: add IE event listeners too.
		canvas.addEventListener("click", ComicBook.prototype.navigation, false);
		window.addEventListener("keydown", ComicBook.prototype.navigation, false);
		window.addEventListener("hashchange", checkHash, false);
		//setInterval(function() { checkHash(); }, 300); // TODO: enable this when there is no onhashchange event

		if (controlsRendered === false) {
			ComicBook.prototype.renderControls();
			controlsRendered = true;
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * User controls
	 * 
	 * TODO: add reset links,
	 * TODO: style
	 * TODO: don't allow draggable controls to leave the visible window
	 * TODO: remember draggable position
	 * TODO: show/hide controls
	 * TODO: save current values
	 */
	ComicBook.prototype.control = {
		
		/**
		 * Image enhancements
		 * TODO: split out brightness / contrast controls?
		 */
		image: $(document.createElement("div"))
			.attr("id", "color")
			.addClass("control floating")
			.append("<label>brightness</label>")
			.append($("<div id='brightness'></div>").slider({
				value: 0,
				step: 10,
				min: -1000,
				max: 1000,
				slide: function(event, ui) {
					ComicBook.prototype.enhance.brightness({ brightness: ui.value });
				}
			}))
			.append("<label>contrast</label>")
			.append($("<div id='contrast'></div>").slider({
				value: 0,
				step: 0.1,
				min: 0,
				max: 1,
				slide: function(event, ui) {
					ComicBook.prototype.enhance.brightness({ contrast: ui.value });
				}
			}))
			.append("<input type='checkbox' id='desaturate' /> <label for='desaturate'>Desaturate</label>")
			.append("<button id='reset' style='display:block'>reset</button>")
			.css({
				position: "absolute",
				top: "40%",
				left: "40%"
			})
			.draggable(),
		
		/**
		 * Page navigation
		 */
		navigation: {
			
			left: $(document.createElement("div"))
				.addClass("control navigate left")
				.click(function(e){
					ComicBook.prototype.drawPrevPage();
				}),
			
			right: $(document.createElement("div"))
				.addClass("control navigate right")
				.click(function(e) {
					ComicBook.prototype.drawNextPage();
				})
		}
	};
	
	/**
	 * TODO: center, make sure they never leave the visible portion of the screen
	 */
	ComicBook.prototype.renderControls = function() {
		
		$(canvas)
			.after(this.getControl("navigation").left)
			.after(this.getControl("navigation").right)
			.after(this.getControl("image").hide());
			
		$("#desaturate").click(function(e){
			if ($(this).is(":checked")) {
				ComicBook.prototype.enhance.desaturate();
			} else {				
				ComicBook.prototype.enhance.resaturate();
			}
		});
		
		$("#reset").click(function(e){
			// TODO: improve performance here.
			$("#brightness").slider("value", 0)
			$("#saturation").slider("value", 0);
			var desaturate = $("#desaturate");
			desaturate.attr("checked", !desaturate.attr("checked"));
			ComicBook.prototype.enhance.reset();
		});
	};
	
	ComicBook.prototype.getControl = function(control) {
		
		if (typeof this.control[control] === "undefined") {
			throw "invalid control: " + control;
		}
		
		return this.control[control];
	};
	
	ComicBook.prototype.showControl = function(control) {
		this.getControl(control).show();
	};

	ComicBook.prototype.hideControl = function(control) {
		this.getControl(control).hide();
	}
	
	ComicBook.prototype.toggleControl = function(control) {
		if (this.getControl(control).is(":visible")) {
			this.hideControl(control);
		} else {
			this.showControl(control);
		}
	}
		
	/**
	 * Get the image for a given page.
	 *
	 * @return Image
	 */
	ComicBook.prototype.getPage = function(i) {
		
		if (typeof pages[i] === "object") {
			return pages[i];
		} else {
			throw "Invalid page index: " + i;
		}
	};
	
	/**
	 * @see #preload
	 */
	ComicBook.prototype.draw = function () {

		init();

		// preload images if needed
		if (pages.length !== no_pages) { this.preload(); }
		else { this.drawPage(); }
	};

	/**
	 * Zoom the canvas
	 * 
	 * @param new_scale {Number} Scale the canvas to this ratio
	 */
	ComicBook.prototype.zoom = function (new_scale) {
		options.zoomMode = "manual";
		scale = new_scale;
		if (typeof this.getPage(pointer) === "object") { this.drawPage(); }
	};
	
	/**
	 * Preload all images, draw the page only after a given number have been loaded.
	 *
	 * @see #drawPage
	 */
	ComicBook.prototype.preload = function () {

		//var srcs = this.srcs;

		if (no_pages < buffer) { buffer = no_pages; } // don't get stuck if the buffer level is higher than the number of pages
		
		var i = pointer; // the current page counter for this method
		//if (i - buffer >= 0) { i = i - buffer; } // start loading from the first requested page - buffer

		// show load status panel
		if ($("#status").length === 0) {
			$(canvas).after('<div class="floating control" id="status"><p></p></div>');
		}
		
		// I am using recursion instead of a forEach loop so that the next image is
		// only loaded when the previous one has completely finished
		function preload(i) {
			
			var page = new Image();

			$("#status p").text("loading page " + (i + 1) + " of " + no_pages);

			page.src = srcs[i];

			page.onload = function () {

				pages[i] = this;
				loaded.push(i);
				
				// start to load from the begining if loading started midway
				if (i === no_pages-1 && loaded.length !== no_pages) {
					i = -1;
				}

				// there are still more pages to load, do it
				if (loaded.length < no_pages) {
					i++;
					preload(i);
				}
				
				//console.log(loaded[loaded.length-1], pointer, pointer + buffer);

				// start rendering the comic when the buffer level has been reached (FIXME: buggy, fails if trying to load the last couple of pages)
				if (loaded[loaded.length-1] === pointer + buffer) { ComicBook.prototype.drawPage(); }
				if (loaded.length === no_pages) { $("#status").fadeOut(150).remove(); }
			};
		}
		
		// manually trigger the first load
		preload(i);
	};

	/**
	 * Draw the current page in the canvas
	 *
	 * TODO: break this down into drawSinglePage() & drawDoublePage()?
	 * TODO: if the current browser doesn't have canvas support, use img tags
	 */
	ComicBook.prototype.drawPage = function() {

		var zoom_scale;
		var offsetW = 0, offsetH = 0;
		var page = this.getPage(pointer);
		var page2 = this.getPage(pointer + 1);

		if (typeof page !== "object") { throw "invalid page type '"+ typeof page +"'"; }
		
		var width = page.width;
		
		// reset the canvas to stop duplicate pages showing
		canvas.width = 0;
		canvas.height = 0;

		// show double page spreads on a single page
		is_double_page_spread = ((page.width > page.height || page2.width > page2.height) && options.displayMode === "double");
		if (is_double_page_spread) { options.displayMode = "single"; }

		if (options.displayMode === "double") {

			// for double page spreads, factor in the width of both pages
			if (typeof page2 === "object") { width += page2.width; }
			
			// if this is the last page and there is no page2, still keep the canvas wide
			else { width += width; }
		}

		// update the page scale if a non manual mode has been chosen
		switch(options.zoomMode) {

			case "manual":
				document.body.style.overflowX = "auto";
				zoom_scale = (options.displayMode === "double") ? scale * 2 : scale;
				break;
				
			case "fitWidth":
				document.body.style.overflowX = "hidden";
				zoom_scale = (window.innerWidth > width) ? ((window.innerWidth - width) / window.innerWidth) + 1 // scale up if the window is wider than the page
					  : window.innerWidth / width; // scale down if the window is narrower than the page
				break;
				
			default:
				throw "invalid zoomMode";
		}
		
		var canvas_width  = page.width * zoom_scale;
		var canvas_height = page.height * zoom_scale;

		var page_width = (options.zoomMode === "manual") ? page.width * scale : canvas_width;
		var page_height = (options.zoomMode === "manual") ? page.height * scale : canvas_height;
		
		canvas_height = page_height;
		
		// make sure the canvas is always at least full screen, even if the page is more narrow than the screen
		canvas.width = (canvas_width < window.innerWidth) ? window.innerWidth : canvas_width;
		canvas.height = (canvas_height < window.innerHeight) ? window.innerHeight : canvas_height;
		
		// disable scrollbars if not needed
		document.body.style.overflowX = (canvas_width < window.innerWidth) ? "hidden" : "auto";
		document.body.style.overflowY = (canvas_height < window.innerHeight) ? "hidden" : "auto";
		
		// work out a horizontal position that will keep the pages always centred
		if (canvas_width < window.innerWidth && options.zoomMode === "manual") {
			offsetW = (window.innerWidth - page_width) / 2;
			if (options.displayMode === "double") { offsetW = offsetW - page_width / 2; }
		}
		
		// work out a vertical position that will keep the pages always centred
		if (canvas_height < window.innerHeight && options.zoomMode === "manual") {
			offsetH = (window.innerHeight - page_height) / 2;
		}
		
		// in manga double page mode reverse the page(s)
		if (options.manga && options.displayMode === "double") { 
			var tmpPage = page;
			var tmpPage2 = page2; // FIXME: check this exists before using
			page = tmpPage2;
			page2 = tmpPage;
		}
		
		// draw the page(s)
		context.drawImage(page, offsetW, offsetH, page_width, page_height);
		if (options.displayMode === "double" && typeof page2 === "object") { context.drawImage(page2, page_width + offsetW, offsetH, page_width, page_height); }

		// apply any image enhancements previously defined
		$.each(options.enhance, function(action, options) {
			ComicBook.prototype.enhance[action](options);
		});

		// revert page mode back to double if it was auto switched for a double page spread
		if (is_double_page_spread) { options.displayMode = "double"; }
		
		// resize navigation controls
		$(".control.navigate").height(window.innerHeight);
		
		// user callback
		if (typeof options.afterDrawPage === "function") {
			options.afterDrawPage(pointer + 1);
		}
		
		// update hash location
		if (getHash() !== pointer) {
			setHash(pointer + 1);
		}
	};
	
	/**
	 * Increment the counter and draw the page in the canvas
	 * 
	 * @see #drawPage
	 */
	ComicBook.prototype.drawNextPage = function () {
		if (pointer + 1 < pages.length) {
			pointer += (options.displayMode === "single" || is_double_page_spread) ? 1 : 2;
			this.drawPage();
		}
	};
	
	/**
	 * Decrement the counter and draw the page in the canvas
	 *
	 * @see #drawPage
	 */
	ComicBook.prototype.drawPrevPage = function () {

		is_double_page_spread = (this.getPage(pointer-1).width > this.getPage(pointer-1).height); // need to run double page check again here as we are going backwards
		
		if (pointer > 0) {
			pointer -= (options.displayMode === "single" || is_double_page_spread) ? 1 : 2;
			this.drawPage();
		}
	};
	
	/**
	 * Apply image enhancements to the canvas.
	 * 
	 * Powered by the awesome Pixastic: http://www.pixastic.com/
	 * 
	 * TODO: reset & apply all image enhancements each time before applying new one
	 * TODO: abstract this into an "Enhance" object, separate from ComicBook?
	 */
	ComicBook.prototype.enhance = {
		
		/**
		 * Reset enhancements.
		 * This can reset a specific enhancement if the method name is passed, or
		 * it will reset all.
		 * 
		 * @param method {string} the specific enhancement to reset
		 */
		reset: function (method) {
			if (!method) {
				options.enhance = {};
			} else {
				delete options.enhance[method];
			}
			ComicBook.prototype.drawPage();
		},
		
		/**
		 * Adjust brightness / contrast
		 * 
		 * params
		 *    brightness (int) -150 to 150
		 *    contrast: (float) -1 to infinity
		 * 
		 * @param {Object} params Brightness & contrast levels
		 * @param {Boolean} reset Reset before applying more enhancements?
		 */
		brightness: function (params, reset) {
			
			if (reset !== false) { this.reset("brightness"); }
			
			// merge user options with defaults
			var opts = merge({ brightness: 0, contrast: 0 }, params);
				
			// remember options for later
			options.enhance.brightness = opts;
			
			// run the enhancement
			Pixastic.process(canvas, "brightness", {
				brightness: opts.brightness,
				contrast: opts.contrast,
				legacy: true
			});
			
			init();
		},
		
		/**
		 * Force black and white
		 */
		desaturate: function () {			
			
			options.enhance.desaturate = {};
			
			Pixastic.process(canvas, "desaturate", { average : false });
			
			init();
		},
		
		/**
		 * Undo desaturate
		 */
		resaturate: function() {
			delete options.enhance.desaturate;
			ComicBook.prototype.drawPage();
		},
		
		/**
		 * Sharpen
		 * 
		 * options:
		 *   amount: number (-1 to infinity)
		 * 
		 * @param {Object} options 
		 */
		sharpen: function (params) {
			
			var opts = merge({ amount: 0 }, params);
			
			options.enhance.sharpen = opts;
			
			Pixastic.process(canvas, "sharpen", {
				amount: opts.amount
			});
			
			init();
		}
	};
	
	ComicBook.prototype.navigation = function (e) {
		
		var side;
		
		switch (e.type) {
			case "click": 
				side = getCursorPosition(e); 
				break;
			case "keydown": 
			
				if (e.keyCode === options.keyboard.previous) { side = "left"; }
				if (e.keyCode === options.keyboard.next) { side = "right"; }
				if (e.keyCode === options.keyboard.control.image) {
					ComicBook.prototype.toggleControl("image");
				}
				break;
			default:
				throw "invalid navigation event: " + e.type;
		}
		
		if (side) {
		
			e.stopPropagation();
		
			window.scroll(0, 0); // make sure the top of the page is in view
		
			// western style (left to right)
			if (!options.manga) {
				if (side === "left") { ComicBook.prototype.drawPrevPage(); }
				if (side === "right") { ComicBook.prototype.drawNextPage(); }
			} 
			// manga style (right to left)
			else {
				if (side === "left") { ComicBook.prototype.drawNextPage(); }
				if (side === "right") { ComicBook.prototype.drawPrevPage(); }
			}
		
			return false;
		}
	};
	
}