diff --git a/.changeset/five-glasses-attend.md b/.changeset/five-glasses-attend.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e4e25280
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/five-glasses-attend.md
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+"@yume-chan/adb-daemon-webusb": minor
+"@yume-chan/event": minor
+"@yume-chan/adb": minor
+---
+
+Make `DeviceObserver#onListChange` sticky
diff --git a/libraries/adb-daemon-webusb/src/observer.ts b/libraries/adb-daemon-webusb/src/observer.ts
index 5fa8ae88..a1fd8f4d 100644
--- a/libraries/adb-daemon-webusb/src/observer.ts
+++ b/libraries/adb-daemon-webusb/src/observer.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import type { DeviceObserver } from "@yume-chan/adb";
+import { unorderedRemove } from "@yume-chan/adb";
 import { EventEmitter, StickyEventEmitter } from "@yume-chan/event";
 
 import {
@@ -24,20 +25,26 @@ export class AdbDaemonWebUsbDeviceObserver
         return new AdbDaemonWebUsbDeviceObserver(usb, devices, options);
     }
 
-    #filters: (USBDeviceFilter & UsbInterfaceFilter)[];
-    #exclusionFilters?: USBDeviceFilter[] | undefined;
-    #usbManager: USB;
+    readonly #filters: (USBDeviceFilter & UsbInterfaceFilter)[];
+    readonly #exclusionFilters?: USBDeviceFilter[] | undefined;
+    readonly #usbManager: USB;
 
-    #onDeviceAdd = new EventEmitter<AdbDaemonWebUsbDevice[]>();
+    readonly #onDeviceAdd = new EventEmitter<
+        readonly AdbDaemonWebUsbDevice[]
+    >();
     onDeviceAdd = this.#onDeviceAdd.event;
 
-    #onDeviceRemove = new EventEmitter<AdbDaemonWebUsbDevice[]>();
+    readonly #onDeviceRemove = new EventEmitter<
+        readonly AdbDaemonWebUsbDevice[]
+    >();
     onDeviceRemove = this.#onDeviceRemove.event;
 
-    #onListChange = new StickyEventEmitter<AdbDaemonWebUsbDevice[]>();
+    readonly #onListChange = new StickyEventEmitter<
+        readonly AdbDaemonWebUsbDevice[]
+    >();
     onListChange = this.#onListChange.event;
 
-    current: AdbDaemonWebUsbDevice[] = [];
+    current: readonly AdbDaemonWebUsbDevice[] = [];
 
     constructor(
         usb: USB,
@@ -47,9 +54,12 @@ export class AdbDaemonWebUsbDeviceObserver
         this.#filters = mergeDefaultAdbInterfaceFilter(options.filters);
         this.#exclusionFilters = options.exclusionFilters;
         this.#usbManager = usb;
+
         this.current = initial
             .map((device) => this.#convertDevice(device))
             .filter((device) => !!device);
+        // Fire `onListChange` to set the sticky value
+        this.#onListChange.fire(this.current);
 
         this.#usbManager.addEventListener("connect", this.#handleConnect);
         this.#usbManager.addEventListener("disconnect", this.#handleDisconnect);
@@ -74,8 +84,11 @@ export class AdbDaemonWebUsbDeviceObserver
             return;
         }
 
+        const next = this.current.slice();
+        next.push(device);
+        this.current = next;
+
         this.#onDeviceAdd.fire([device]);
-        this.current.push(device);
         this.#onListChange.fire(this.current);
     };
 
@@ -85,9 +98,12 @@ export class AdbDaemonWebUsbDeviceObserver
         );
         if (index !== -1) {
             const device = this.current[index]!;
+
+            const next = this.current.slice();
+            unorderedRemove(next, index);
+            this.current = next;
+
             this.#onDeviceRemove.fire([device]);
-            this.current[index] = this.current[this.current.length - 1]!;
-            this.current.length -= 1;
             this.#onListChange.fire(this.current);
         }
     };
diff --git a/libraries/adb/src/device-observer.ts b/libraries/adb/src/device-observer.ts
index f00ed26c..0af721f4 100644
--- a/libraries/adb/src/device-observer.ts
+++ b/libraries/adb/src/device-observer.ts
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ import type { MaybePromiseLike } from "@yume-chan/async";
 import type { Event } from "@yume-chan/event";
 
 export interface DeviceObserver<T> {
-    onDeviceAdd: Event<T[]>;
-    onDeviceRemove: Event<T[]>;
-    onListChange: Event<T[]>;
-    current: T[];
+    readonly onDeviceAdd: Event<readonly T[]>;
+    readonly onDeviceRemove: Event<readonly T[]>;
+    readonly onListChange: Event<readonly T[]>;
+    readonly current: readonly T[];
     stop(): MaybePromiseLike<void>;
 }
diff --git a/libraries/adb/src/server/observer.ts b/libraries/adb/src/server/observer.ts
index b8ec2f60..82188c19 100644
--- a/libraries/adb/src/server/observer.ts
+++ b/libraries/adb/src/server/observer.ts
@@ -5,20 +5,23 @@ import { Ref } from "../utils/index.js";
 import { AdbServerClient } from "./client.js";
 import type { AdbServerStream } from "./stream.js";
 
-function unorderedRemove<T>(array: T[], index: number) {
+export function unorderedRemove<T>(array: T[], index: number) {
+    if (index < 0 || index >= array.length) {
+        return;
+    }
     array[index] = array[array.length - 1]!;
     array.length -= 1;
 }
 
 export class AdbServerDeviceObserverOwner {
-    current: AdbServerClient.Device[] = [];
+    current: readonly AdbServerClient.Device[] = [];
 
-    #client: AdbServerClient;
+    readonly #client: AdbServerClient;
     #stream: Promise<AdbServerStream> | undefined;
     #observers: {
-        onDeviceAdd: EventEmitter<AdbServerClient.Device[]>;
-        onDeviceRemove: EventEmitter<AdbServerClient.Device[]>;
-        onListChange: EventEmitter<AdbServerClient.Device[]>;
+        onDeviceAdd: EventEmitter<readonly AdbServerClient.Device[]>;
+        onDeviceRemove: EventEmitter<readonly AdbServerClient.Device[]>;
+        onListChange: EventEmitter<readonly AdbServerClient.Device[]>;
         onError: EventEmitter<Error>;
     }[] = [];
 
@@ -27,42 +30,50 @@ export class AdbServerDeviceObserverOwner {
     }
 
     async #receive(stream: AdbServerStream) {
+        const response = await stream.readString();
+        const next = AdbServerClient.parseDeviceList(response);
+
+        const removed = this.current.slice();
+        const added: AdbServerClient.Device[] = [];
+        for (const nextDevice of next) {
+            const index = removed.findIndex(
+                (device) => device.transportId === nextDevice.transportId,
+            );
+
+            if (index === -1) {
+                added.push(nextDevice);
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            unorderedRemove(removed, index);
+        }
+
+        this.current = next;
+
+        if (added.length) {
+            for (const observer of this.#observers) {
+                observer.onDeviceAdd.fire(added);
+            }
+        }
+        if (removed.length) {
+            for (const observer of this.#observers) {
+                observer.onDeviceRemove.fire(removed);
+            }
+        }
+
+        for (const observer of this.#observers) {
+            observer.onListChange.fire(this.current);
+        }
+    }
+
+    async #receiveLoop(stream: AdbServerStream) {
         try {
             while (true) {
-                const response = await stream.readString();
-                const next = AdbServerClient.parseDeviceList(response);
-
-                const added: AdbServerClient.Device[] = [];
-                for (const nextDevice of next) {
-                    const index = this.current.findIndex(
-                        (device) =>
-                            device.transportId === nextDevice.transportId,
-                    );
-                    if (index === -1) {
-                        added.push(nextDevice);
-                        continue;
-                    }
-
-                    unorderedRemove(this.current, index);
-                }
-
-                if (added.length) {
-                    for (const observer of this.#observers) {
-                        observer.onDeviceAdd.fire(added);
-                    }
-                }
-                if (this.current.length) {
-                    for (const observer of this.#observers) {
-                        observer.onDeviceRemove.fire(this.current);
-                    }
-                }
-
-                this.current = next;
-                for (const observer of this.#observers) {
-                    observer.onListChange.fire(this.current);
-                }
+                await this.#receive(stream);
             }
         } catch (e) {
+            this.#stream = undefined;
+
             for (const observer of this.#observers) {
                 observer.onError.fire(e as Error);
             }
@@ -76,7 +87,11 @@ export class AdbServerDeviceObserverOwner {
             { unref: true },
         );
 
-        void this.#receive(stream);
+        // Set `current` and `onListChange` value before returning
+        await this.#receive(stream);
+
+        // Then start receive loop
+        void this.#receiveLoop(stream);
 
         return stream;
     }
@@ -91,55 +106,65 @@ export class AdbServerDeviceObserverOwner {
     async createObserver(
         options?: AdbServerClient.ServerConnectionOptions,
     ): Promise<AdbServerClient.DeviceObserver> {
-        if (options?.signal?.aborted) {
-            throw options.signal.reason;
-        }
+        options?.signal?.throwIfAborted();
 
-        const onDeviceAdd = new EventEmitter<AdbServerClient.Device[]>();
-        const onDeviceRemove = new EventEmitter<AdbServerClient.Device[]>();
-        const onListChange = new StickyEventEmitter<AdbServerClient.Device[]>();
+        const onDeviceAdd = new EventEmitter<
+            readonly AdbServerClient.Device[]
+        >();
+        const onDeviceRemove = new EventEmitter<
+            readonly AdbServerClient.Device[]
+        >();
+        const onListChange = new StickyEventEmitter<
+            readonly AdbServerClient.Device[]
+        >();
         const onError = new StickyEventEmitter<Error>();
 
         const observer = { onDeviceAdd, onDeviceRemove, onListChange, onError };
         // Register `observer` before `#connect`.
-        // Because `#connect` might immediately receive some data
-        // and want to trigger observers
+        // So `#handleObserverStop` knows if there is any observer.
         this.#observers.push(observer);
 
-        this.#stream ??= this.#connect();
-        const stream = await this.#stream;
+        let stream: AdbServerStream;
+        if (!this.#stream) {
+            this.#stream = this.#connect();
 
-        if (options?.signal?.aborted) {
-            await this.#handleObserverStop(stream);
-            throw options.signal.reason;
+            try {
+                stream = await this.#stream;
+            } catch (e) {
+                this.#stream = undefined;
+                throw e;
+            }
+        } else {
+            stream = await this.#stream;
+            onListChange.fire(this.current);
         }
 
         const ref = new Ref(options);
 
         const stop = async () => {
-            const index = self.#observers.indexOf(observer);
-            if (index === -1) {
-                return;
-            }
-
-            unorderedRemove(this.#observers, index);
-
+            unorderedRemove(this.#observers, this.#observers.indexOf(observer));
             await this.#handleObserverStop(stream);
-
             ref.unref();
         };
 
-        options?.signal?.addEventListener("abort", () => void stop());
+        if (options?.signal) {
+            if (options.signal.aborted) {
+                await stop();
+                throw options.signal.reason;
+            }
+
+            options.signal.addEventListener("abort", () => void stop());
+        }
 
         // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-this-alias
-        const self = this;
+        const _this = this;
         return {
             onDeviceAdd: onDeviceAdd.event,
             onDeviceRemove: onDeviceRemove.event,
             onListChange: onListChange.event,
             onError: onError.event,
             get current() {
-                return self.current;
+                return _this.current;
             },
             stop,
         };
diff --git a/libraries/event/src/event-emitter.ts b/libraries/event/src/event-emitter.ts
index adc25c73..c8251a9d 100644
--- a/libraries/event/src/event-emitter.ts
+++ b/libraries/event/src/event-emitter.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import type { Disposable } from "./disposable.js";
-import type { EventListener, RemoveEventListener } from "./event.js";
+import type { Event, EventListener, RemoveEventListener } from "./event.js";
 
 export interface EventListenerInfo<TEvent, TResult = unknown> {
     listener: EventListener<TEvent, unknown, unknown[], TResult>;
@@ -9,17 +9,6 @@ export interface EventListenerInfo<TEvent, TResult = unknown> {
     args: unknown[];
 }
 
-export interface AddEventListener<TEvent, TResult = unknown> {
-    (
-        listener: EventListener<TEvent, unknown, [], TResult>,
-    ): RemoveEventListener;
-    <TThis, TArgs extends unknown[]>(
-        listener: EventListener<TEvent, TThis, TArgs, TResult>,
-        thisArg: TThis,
-        ...args: TArgs
-    ): RemoveEventListener;
-}
-
 export class EventEmitter<TEvent, TResult = unknown> implements Disposable {
     protected readonly listeners: EventListenerInfo<TEvent, TResult>[] = [];
 
@@ -42,7 +31,7 @@ export class EventEmitter<TEvent, TResult = unknown> implements Disposable {
         return remove;
     }
 
-    event: AddEventListener<TEvent, TResult> = <TThis, TArgs extends unknown[]>(
+    event: Event<TEvent, TResult> = <TThis, TArgs extends unknown[]>(
         listener: EventListener<TEvent, TThis, TArgs, TResult>,
         thisArg?: TThis,
         ...args: TArgs
diff --git a/libraries/event/src/sticky-event-emitter.ts b/libraries/event/src/sticky-event-emitter.ts
index 9ee3606a..3591699d 100644
--- a/libraries/event/src/sticky-event-emitter.ts
+++ b/libraries/event/src/sticky-event-emitter.ts
@@ -2,16 +2,18 @@ import type { EventListenerInfo } from "./event-emitter.js";
 import { EventEmitter } from "./event-emitter.js";
 import type { RemoveEventListener } from "./event.js";
 
+const Undefined = Symbol("undefined");
+
 export class StickyEventEmitter<TEvent, TResult = unknown> extends EventEmitter<
     TEvent,
     TResult
 > {
-    #value: TEvent | undefined;
+    #value: TEvent | typeof Undefined = Undefined;
 
     protected override addEventListener(
         info: EventListenerInfo<TEvent, TResult>,
     ): RemoveEventListener {
-        if (this.#value) {
+        if (this.#value !== Undefined) {
             info.listener.call(info.thisArg, this.#value, ...info.args);
         }
         return super.addEventListener(info);
diff --git a/libraries/scrcpy-decoder-tinyh264/src/decoder.ts b/libraries/scrcpy-decoder-tinyh264/src/decoder.ts
index 3d8fc26d..5b7ced21 100644
--- a/libraries/scrcpy-decoder-tinyh264/src/decoder.ts
+++ b/libraries/scrcpy-decoder-tinyh264/src/decoder.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { PromiseResolver } from "@yume-chan/async";
-import { EventEmitter } from "@yume-chan/event";
+import { StickyEventEmitter } from "@yume-chan/event";
 import type { ScrcpyMediaStreamPacket } from "@yume-chan/scrcpy";
 import {
     AndroidAvcLevel,
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ export class TinyH264Decoder implements ScrcpyVideoDecoder {
         return this.#renderer;
     }
 
-    #sizeChanged = new EventEmitter<{ width: number; height: number }>();
+    #sizeChanged = new StickyEventEmitter<{ width: number; height: number }>();
     get sizeChanged() {
         return this.#sizeChanged.event;
     }
diff --git a/libraries/scrcpy-decoder-webcodecs/src/video/decoder.ts b/libraries/scrcpy-decoder-webcodecs/src/video/decoder.ts
index 433ca2cc..bb61953a 100644
--- a/libraries/scrcpy-decoder-webcodecs/src/video/decoder.ts
+++ b/libraries/scrcpy-decoder-webcodecs/src/video/decoder.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { EventEmitter } from "@yume-chan/event";
+import { StickyEventEmitter } from "@yume-chan/event";
 import type { ScrcpyMediaStreamPacket } from "@yume-chan/scrcpy";
 import { ScrcpyVideoCodecId } from "@yume-chan/scrcpy";
 import type {
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ export class WebCodecsVideoDecoder implements ScrcpyVideoDecoder {
         return this.#framesSkipped;
     }
 
-    #sizeChanged = new EventEmitter<{ width: number; height: number }>();
+    #sizeChanged = new StickyEventEmitter<{ width: number; height: number }>();
     get sizeChanged() {
         return this.#sizeChanged.event;
     }